Why is it important to cover your mouth or nose when coughing or sneezing?

Covering your mouth or nose when coughing or sneezing is essential for preventing the spread of germs. When an individual coughs or sneezes, droplets containing bacteria and viruses can be expelled into the air. If these droplets are not contained, they can easily be inhaled by others, leading to the transmission of illnesses, particularly respiratory infections.

By covering your mouth and nose—using a tissue, your elbow, or another barrier—you significantly reduce the risk of airborne germs spreading to those nearby. This practice is a key part of respiratory etiquette and helps protect not only your health but also the health of others in your community, especially those who may be vulnerable to infections, such as the elderly or individuals with compromised immune systems.

The other options are less relevant in the context of public health. While preventing embarrassing situations and signaling others to keep their distance may have social implications, the primary focus here is the health benefit of minimizing the risk of infection through proper hygiene practices. Additionally, communication is not facilitated by covering the mouth or nose; rather, it is primarily about ensuring health safety.